作者：平董陵戏 来源：原创 发布日期：08-21
A | 视频加载中...11月18日早上6时许，黑龙江省勃利县吉兴朝鲜族满族乡长太村出现一只老虎，还用头顶撞一位村民家的铁门。据勃利县林业和草原局现场初步核实，长太村一名村民左手部被老虎咬伤，目前正在医疗机构接受治疗，伤者情绪稳定，生命体征平稳。
B | BRATISLAVA, Slovakia -- A former prime minister of Slovakia who plans to end the country's military support for Ukraine is poised to return to office after his political party signed a deal Wednesday with two other parties to form a coalition government. The leftist Smer, or Direction, party captured 22.9% of the vote in Slovakia's Sept 30 parliamentary election. The party's leader, populist former Prime Minister Robert Fico, needed to find coalition partners to rule with a majority in the country's 150-seat Parliament.The memorandum signed Wednesday provides for a coalition of Smer, which holds 42 seats; the left-wing Hlas, or Voice, party, which placed third in the election and has 27 seats; and the ultra-nationalist and pro-Russia Slovak National Party, which has 10 lawmakers in the new parliament. Fico's former deputy in Smer, Peter Pellegrini, is the leader of Hlas. Pellegrini parted ways with Fico after the scandal-tainted Smer lost the previous election in 2020. Their reunion was a key to Fico’s ability to form a government.It was not immediately clear when President Zuzana Caputova might swear in the new government. Fico said he hoped to represent Slovakia at the next summit of the leaders of European Union member nations, which is scheduled for late October. As part of the coalition deal, Smer will get to appoint the prime minister and six other ministers, opening the way for Fico to serve as Slovakia's head of government for the fourth time. Hlas will get to name the parliament speaker and seven Cabinet ministers, and the Slovak National Party three ministers.The deal struck by the three groups means that the Progressive Slovakia party, a liberal, pro-Western newcomer that took second place in the election with 18% of the vote, will end up in the opposition. The party holds 32 seats in parliament. Fico campaigned on a pro-Russian and anti-American message. He has vowed to withdraw Slovakia’s military support for Ukraine, and his victory could further strain the fragile unity in the European Union and NATO.He said he wants Slovakia to remain a member of the EU and NATO but with “full respect” for his country's sovereignty.“The protection of sovereignty and national interests of Slovakia will be the government's priority,” Fico said. He pledged the protect his country against illegal migration that has been recently on the rise in Europe. Fico’s critics worry that his return to power could lead Slovakia to abandon its course in other ways, following the path of Hungary under Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and to a lesser extent of Poland under the Law and Justice party.。曾经在野外调查过东北虎的科普作家杨毅告诉紫牛新闻记者，这头老虎可能因为追逐家畜或者家域范围扩大而进入村庄，突然受到惊吓，对人发起攻击。杨毅说，一头成年雄性东北虎体重可达200公斤，雌性可能也有150公斤左右，奔跑起来冲击力非常强。雄虎扑咬一头400斤的雄性野猪可能费点劲，抓一头雌野猪完全没问题，一头牛也能轻松扑倒。在动物园里，老虎园的栏杆基本上都是两到三厘米粗的实心钢条，中间还要加横撑，这样它才撞不动。
C | 视频中的铁栅栏门不是很坚固，主要起个隔离作用，本来也不是为了防老虎的，根本没有办法扛住老虎的横向冲击。老虎已经把铁门一偶撞开近年来，东北虎与人偶遇的新闻多次出现，但像勃利县这次惊险的场面还是比较罕见的。
D | 杨毅分析说，其实野生猫科是怕人的，一般不会主动攻击人，这只老虎进村冲撞铁门，可能与三个原因有关。首先，老虎的家域面积很大，因为领地跟食物密切相关，“雄虎之间的领地几乎不重叠，雌虎领地有可能覆盖一个或者若干个雄虎领地。野猪、鹿等食物的密集程度越高的地方，它的家域范围就越小。但是即便这样，一头老虎最起码要需要30到50平方公里面积作为其家域范围。
E | ”现在东北虎豹国家公园保守估计有40头左右的老虎，但在这个国家公园里还有很多人的聚集区，对动物有一些影响。在这种情况下，老虎它的家域范围会扩大，免不了要覆盖一些村镇。勃利县这头老虎可能在这种情况下，进入了长太村。第二，现在野外监测经常发现有母老虎带小老虎，子女成年以后，母老虎可能会把一部分自己的家域范围分给小雌虎，但是雄虎必须要独闯天下。
F | 一部分雄虎如果挑战不了已经霸占地盘的成年雄虎，肯定要远走他乡，其家域范围有可能会超出国家公园，也有可能在国家公园的边缘和人类村镇发生重叠。勃利县位于东北虎豹国家公园的边上，不排除是一只刚独立的雄虎寻找新地盘，来到了长太村。
G | 第三，老虎的家域范围虽然很大，但经常存在食物不足的问题。2021年在黑龙江省鸡西市进村伤人的“完达山一号”可能因为原有家域的食物数量远远达不到需要，所以进入了人类聚居区。
H | 勃利县这头老虎可能是追家畜进了村，或者领域范围扩展到这个村子，视频开头疑似有家畜的叫声，发现有人出来以后，就对人发起了攻击。这头老虎第一扑已经把铁门的一边撞开，其实可以从侧面进院子，“但它没见过这种铁门，一下子撞上去，可能自己也吓一跳，所以撞完之后扭头就跑了。如果是动物园里的老虎，把这个门的一侧撞开之后，说不定就绕着那个口子进来了。所以视频中的老人也比较幸运。”扬子晚报/紫牛新闻记者 宋世锋校对 陶善工。
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